ABSTRACT
Objective To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of ursolic acid(UA)and oleanolic acid(OA) in Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam.,and the quantitative determination the UA and OA contents in the different Z. clinopodioides plant samples collected with various parts of the plant at different times,from different regions of Xinjiang,China. Methods Dual wave?length scanning method was used for the quantification of UA and OA spots on a silica gel G plate in the TLC analysis. The samples loaded on the silica gel G plate were in situ treated with the 1%iodine solution in dichloromethane,and then the plate was developed using cyclohexane,cyclohexane-chloroform-ethyl acetate-formic acid(20:5:8:0.1)as the developing solvent. In the dual wavelength scanning,the measurement wavelength was 530 nm and the reference wavelength was 700 nm. Results The UA and OA spots in samples were well separated on the TLC plate and could be simultaneously quantified by the present method. The average contents of UA and OA in Z. clinopodioides plant samples from 18 different areas were(1.84 ± 0.41)and(2.82 ± 0.89)mg/g,respectively. The contents of UA and OA in the plant increased from late spring to early summer and then decreased thereafter. As to the different parts of the plant,the contents of UA and OA were highest in leaves and lowest in stems. Conclusion The method is simple,fast and accu?rate. The present results provided basic data for further evaluation of the quality of Z. clinopodioides resources.
ABSTRACT
Adjacent vertebral fractures are common in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) after kyphoplasty. This finite element study was to examine whether short segment pedicle screw fixation (PSF) with kyphoplasty may decrease the fracture risk of the treated and adjacent non-treated vertebrae after kyphoplasty for OVCFs. By simulating cement augmentation with or without short segment pedicle screw fixation (PSF), two tridimensional, anatomically detailed finite element models of the T10-L2 functional spinal junction were developed. The insertion of pedicle screws into the intact vertebra apparently decreased the stress distribution of the treated vertebra in vertical compression and other load situations. The stress distribution in the bone structures of the intact vertebra adjacent to the intact-screwed vertebra was much less than that in the one adjacent to the treated vertebra. The insertion of pedicle screws into the intact vertebra greatly decreased the maximum displacement of the cortical bones and cancellous bones of the vertebrae. Our results indicated that short segment PSF with kyphoplasty may decrease the fracture risk of the treated and adjacent non-treated vertebrae in the management of OVCFs.
Subject(s)
Humans , Computer Simulation , Finite Element Analysis , Fracture Fixation, Internal , Methods , Kyphoplasty , Methods , Osteoporotic Fractures , Pedicle Screws , Postoperative Complications , Spinal Fractures , Spine , Diagnostic Imaging , General SurgeryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To prepare a cisplatin-impregnated coral-derived hydroxyapatite (CCHA) drug delivery system (DDS), and evaluate its inhibitory effect on human osteosarcoma cells U-2 OS, human breast cancer and prostatic carcinoma cells PC-3 in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The coral-derived hydroxyapatite (CHA) was manufactured by hydrothermal exchange and impregnated with cisplatin by vacuum freeze-drying techniques. The leaching solutions of this DDS was collected at different intervals in a course of 8 weeks and their inhibitory effect on the cells was tested in vitro by MTT assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Electron microscope showed that cisplatin was distributed homogeneously in the pores of CHA. The inhibition rates of the leaching solution on all the tumor cells exceeded 50% except for PC-3 cells, whose inhibition rate was 29.92% when treated with the solution collected at the eighth week.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CCHA allows sustained drug release and maintains excellent inhibitory effect on human bone tumor cells within 8 weeks in vitro.</p>